| FROM 1920s TO THE PRESENT DAY
The idea behind crystalline protein formulation already has a long history. Various formulation and delivery strategies for crystalline protein drugs have been discussed since insulin purification by crystallisation in 1920s, but only the modern recombinant protein technology has multiplied the need for such formulations (1).
Small molecular compounds or drugs have been traditionally purified and formulated by crystallisation, but macromolecular crystallisation is not often thought as a method of production. There is only one pharmaceutical protein crystal product (injectable insulin) on the market at the moment, although crystallisation has clear potential for this purpose (2).
CRYSTALS FOR STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY AND DRUG DESIGN Structural biology and drug design are currently the major applications of protein crystallisation. Perfect, large (desired dimensions 0.2 x 0.2x 0.2mm) and well diffracting crystals are crucial for X-ray crystallography. Producing the first perfect protein crystal is the bottleneck of this research. Crystallisation conditions are searched using trial-and-error methods in large numbers of microdiffusion experiments. |