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Pharmaceutical Manufacturing and Packing Sourcer
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Following on from Part I, which was published in the Spring issue of PMPS, this article continues the discussion of innovative transdermal drug delivery systems, including reviews of needleless injections, skin suction and skin abrasion.
Laser Radiation and Photo Mechanical Waves
Direct and controlled exposure of laser to skin is reported to result in the ablation of the SC without significantly damaging the underlying epidermis and has been shown to enhance the delivery of lipophilic and hydrophilic drugs (1-3). A hand-held portable laser device has been developed by Norwood Abbey Ltd (Victoria, Australia) and has been approved by the US and Australian regulatory bodies for the administration of a topically applied anaesthetic (4).
Pressure waves (PW) in the absence of the ablative effect of laser radiation have also been recently found to increase the permeability of the skin to insulin and 40kDa dextran, (5-8). It has been proposed that the mechanism of enhancement is due to the formation of a continuous or hydrophilic pathway across the skin due to expansion of the lacunae domains in the SC when exposed to PW. A design concept for a transdermal drug delivery patch based on the use of PW has been proposed by Doukas & Kollias (2004) (8).
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7th Annual Pharma Packaging and Labelling conference
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