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Pharmaceutical Manufacturing and Packing Sourcer

Drug Delivery Developments

Aerosol therapy has been used for hundreds of years to treat a variety of pulmonary diseases such as asthma (1), COPD and cystic fibrosis. Aerosol therapy was initially used because the speed of onset of drugs such as anticholinergics and beta2-agonists is much greater when inhaled as compared with oral therapy (2). In addition, the inhaled route confers benefits in terms of the therapeutic index for drugs such as beta2-agonists, inhaled corticosteroids (3) and aminoglycoside antibiotics.

Although it has become the mainstay of therapy for conditions such as asthma and COPD, many patients fail to benefit from inhaled therapy because of the difficulties inherent in this form of drug delivery. The effectiveness of aerosol therapy can be negated by poor compliance, lack of competence or contrivance (4) (patients who know how to use a device but who contrive to use it in ways that ensure no drug will reach the lungs).

At present there is no good evidence to support the suggestion that compliance with inhaled therapy is significantly worse than with oral therapy. However, even when patients do comply with a given treatment regimen, they may fail to derive any benefit if they do not possess the necessary competence to use a device (particularly problematic in the elderly) (4, 5), or contrive to use them ineffectually (particularly common among those prescribed holding chambers (4, 6) but also an issue among those using devices such as breath-actuated, pressurised, metered-dose inhalers [pMDIs] and nebulisers).


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By Mark Everard MB Chb FRCPCH DM, Consultant in Paediatric Respiratory Medicine, Sheffield Children's Hospital and Nicolas Cobos MD, Head of Section Paediatric Department, Hospital Valle Hebrуn, Barcelona
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Mark Everard
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Industry Events

4th Annual Patient Recruitment and Retention in Clinical Trials

13-15 October 2008, Amsterdam

Patient recruitment is now consuming thirty percent of clinical trial time - more time than any other clinical trial activity - and almost half of all trial delays result from patient recruitment problems. As the recruiting culture becomes more sophisticated and the forces affecting patient enrollment grow more numerous and complex, pharmaceutical companies are striving to discover new strategies to facilitate enrollment in clinical trials. With increasing industry pressure to develop, test and market greater numbers of new drugs faster, pharmaceutical companies need to perform clinical trials as quickly as possible. Inefficient patient recruitment processes is a formidable barrier to pharmaceutical companies' success in launching new products. Improving the patient recruitment process is imperative to avoid wasted investments and eliminate costly delays in bringing new drugs to market -- today and even more so in the not-so-distant future. Improved patient recruitment presents one of the largest opportunities for pharmaceutical companies to eliminate delays in clinical trials, thereby making it possible to reduce time to market.  With patent time limits and large overheads meaning that any delays in the development timeline can be disastrous, a good understanding of how to successfully recruit patients for trials is vital for any company looking to succeed.
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